Q Can high SGOT and SGPT levels affect pregnancy?

Raised SGOT and SGPT levels indicate that there is some disorder associated with the liver. However whether it will have any effect on the pregnancy or not will be determined by the underlying cause for raised SGOT and SGPT levels. So it is necessary that your wife consult her gynecologist.

Q My 10 year old daughter continues to wet the bed. Not every night, but i thought it would stop as she grows but still hasnt. I wonder if there is something medically wrong.

If you daughter has nocturnal enuresis sometimes, it may need further evaluation, as this is not so common in teenagers. There are some factors that may affect urine control in teens. These include excessive intake of caffeine drinks like tea or coffee, deep sleep pattern which can be a normal for growing teen, excessive emotional stress or fear of something, inconsistent sleep timings etc. These things can be corrected in order to fix the problem. Other things to give consideration are certain medications, diabetes of other medical diseases, family history of parents having the same problem, urinary tract infection, etc. If she is having this problem since her childhood, then this can be considered as primary nocturnal enuresis and she can be out of 2% of girls who continues with this till they reach their teen. This thing can be improved with proper counselling to her. Making her to use bathroom before going to bed. Limiting her fluid intake before going to bed. She can be effectively treated with moisture alarms while asleep. It will be less likely that she will need medications for this. Proper counselling and educating her may motivate her to take initiation to cure herself. You may take her to physician to rule out underlying disease if any.

Q What are the kidneys?

Kidneys are bean shaped organ located at the back of abdominal cavity on either side of the spine. They receive their blood supply form the renal arteries and drain the blood into the renal veins. The urine form kidneys is excreted into the ureter on each side and is carried to the urinary bladder. The function of kidney is homoeostasis. It is achieved by elimination of waste products formed due to metabolism like urea, ammonia; maintenance of electrolyte balance, maintenance of acid-base balance, regulation of blood pressure, production of hormone like calcitrol, erythropoetin and enzyme renin, reabsorbtion of water, glucose and amino acids.

Q What causes a rash on babies elbow?

While most rashes are not serious, a few need close attention as blisters can indicate a serious infection, like a bacterial infection or herpes. Small red or purplish dots can be caused by a viral or bacterial infection. In the first few months of a babys life, any rash associated with other symptoms (such as fever, poor feeding, lethargy, or cough) needs to be evaluated by a doctor as soon as possible. Acne or pink pimples can be caused due to blocked pores on babies elbow. The moisture on elbow creates fungal infections as candidiasis. Dry, sensitive skin, and sometimes allergies may create red, itchy patches as in eczema. Other rashes like erythema toxicum-red blotches on skin, salmon patches-nest of blood vessels, mongolian spots-melanin deficiency are commonly seen in children and most of the times needs no treatment and get cured by the age.

Q Body too thin...some diet tips

Weight gain depends upon your diet and exercise pattern. Include calorie and protein rich foods in your diet such as eggs, chicken, fish, milk and milk products, nuts, pulses etc. Every morning have a glass of milk with honey and 2 bananas. Consume handful of mixed nuts everyday. Weight gain should be healthy and hence you should limit your intake of junk food. Instead of 3 large meals have 5-7 small meals. Join a gym and practice weight training under supervision.

Q Im a 30 yr old male, i been travelling a lot of late and this caused me severe pain in the back and numbness in the leg.I consulted a neurologist who suggested an MRI scan.The report is 1.L3-L4 mild circumferential disc bulge with mild indentation over thecal sac with moderate sparing of CSF column with sparing or bilateral lateral recess & neural foramina. 2.L4-L5 mild circumferential disc bulge with moderate indentation over thecal sac with mild sparing of CSF column with sparing or bilateral lateral recess &neural foramina. 3.L5-S1 diffuse disc dessication changes with broad based posterior disc extrusion causing thecal sac indentation & loss of CSF column with narrowing of bilateral neural foramina(left>right). My height is 6.2 and weight is 80. Please help me with the answer soon. Is it something serious and what treatment would be done and how long would it take for the recovery and what are the things that i need to be careful from here on. Thank you.

Based on your MRI report the condition is mild to moderate at this stage. But if ignored can turn into something serious. Your symptoms are due to the pressure on the nerves due to disc bulges form L3-L5 and disc dessication at L5-S1. Treatment options for such condition includes use of pain killer to manage pain, physiotherapy to strengthen your back muscle and surgery as last resort. Avoid lifting any weight, sitting in abnormal posture or anything that can put pressure over your back. Use of lumbar belts. The changes that has taken place in your spinal column can not be reversed but with proper care they can be prevented from progressing further.

Q Me and my fiance had sex yesterday and today she had slight bleeding. What could be the reason for this??not planning for baby at this point of time!! Also we did use protection while having sex. And i am sure that i did not ejaculate inside. please guide

If you have taken protection assuming that it was condom and it was intact than no need to worry. For confirmation she can do urine pregnancy test after a miss period. If her periods were due she can have it early and start up with premenstrual symptoms. There can be many other reasons for premenstrual symptoms which include stress, infection, pelvic inflammatory disease, thyroid disease, anxiety etc. Slightly bleeding can because of friction during intercourse, hormonal imbalance, stress, anxiety etc.. Most probably she will be all right within few days if does not than I advise her to consult a gynac doctor who can perform physical examination and can guide her better.

Q I leak urine when I sneeze, cough, lift heavy objects, exercise. Can this be helped or cured?

What you describe is called as stress incontinence in medical terms. It can be either due to weakness in pelvic muscle or due to disorder related with nerves. Exact cause needs to be find out in order to plan the treatment. Initially you can make following changes: cut down your fluid intake, if you are on the overweight side, try and lose some weight. Avoid alcohol and caffeine rich drinks. Practice kegel exercise to tone your pelvic muscles. If all these dont help than consult a gynecologist for the medication. Surgery will be required if everything else fails.

Q What is "Selective Mutism"?

Selective mutism is a condition in which a person who is normally capable of speech is unable to speak in given situations or to specific people. Selective mutism usually begins in childhood. It usually co-exists with shyness or social anxiety. Its important to understand that when the mutism happens, the child is not voluntarily refusing to speak but is literally unable to speak, feeling frozen. In time, they learn to anticipate the situations that provoke mutism and do all they can to avoid them. Example: selective mutism while interacting with the opposite sex. Other attributes of children or adults with selective mutism are nervousness, socially awkward, clingy, excessively shy or withdrawn, stubborn or aggressive. Behavioral therapy forms the mainstay of treatment with medications used in a few older patients. Most children will work their way through SM with sympathetic support, although they may remain reserved and anxious in social situations.

Q What is Hyper Tension

Hypertension, also referred to as high blood pressure, is a condition in which the arteries have persistently elevated blood pressure. Every time the human heart beats, it pumps blood to the whole body through the arteries. Systolic pressure more than 140 and diastolic pressure more than 90 is usually considered as hypertension.